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Mosque / community hall

Mosques and community halls have wide roofs, domes and large ablution (wuzu) areas that are wet all day. Marble floors and walls need the right adhesive and grout to stay fixed.

Mosque with a central dome and two minarets, with the waterproof coating over the dome highlighted in orange

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Solutions in build order

What this project needs, step by step

Footing, column and plinth beam in soil, all buried faces coated, with a damp-proof layer under the brick wall. Foundations, footings and plinth Protect footings, column stubs and plinth beams against groundwater and aggressive soil, and stop damp rising into the walls above. This is done during construction, before backfilling. 6 steps Flat roof section with an exposed coating on the slab, turned up and over the parapets and into the drain outlet. Exposed roof waterproofing A liquid-applied membrane that stays open to sun and rain on a flat or sloped concrete roof (chhat). Use it on a new roof once the slab is 28 days old, or to refurbish a leaking roof before the monsoon. 6 steps Wall section with roof coating running up the parapet and over the coping, plus a coated sunshade over a window. Parapets, copings and chajjas Parapet walls, copings and chajjas (concrete sunshades and projections) take rain on three sides. Leaks here show up as damp on the walls below, broken edges and rust stains. 5 steps Section of a bathroom floor with waterproofing turned up the walls under the tiles, sloping to a floor drain Bathroom waterproofing (under tiles) Most home leaks start in bathrooms: water gets through grout and cracks, runs along the slab and shows as seelan on the ceiling below or the wall next door. Strip, seal cracks, waterproof the floor and lower walls, then tile, grout and seal the fittings. 6 steps Section of a walk-in shower with full-height waterproofing behind the tiles, sealed pipes, a drain and a glass screen Shower area & walk-in shower The shower is the wettest spot in the house: floor, walls, niche and drain are soaked every day. It needs a continuous waterproof layer from floor to wall, epoxy grout and a mildew-resistant sealant at every corner. 6 steps Concrete stair in section clad with veined marble treads and risers set on an orange adhesive bed Marble, granite and natural stone Fixing, grouting, sealing and cleaning marble, granite and other natural stone on floors, stairs and walls. Stone can be sensitive to water, acids and staining, so test first and choose each product with that in mind. 6 steps Floor tiles on an orange adhesive bed over screed and slab, with sealed movement joints and a notched trowel above Floor tiling (homes, shops and outdoor floors) Fixing ceramic, porcelain and stone floor tiles indoors, on courtyards and terraces, on heated floors and in shops with heavy foot traffic. A flat, mature base and the right adhesive stop hollow, cracking and lifting tiles. 7 steps Close-up of floor tiles with joints filled with orange sandy grout and a rubber grout float above Cement tile grout (everyday floors and walls) Coloured cement grout for ceramic, porcelain, marble, granite and mosaic joints, on floors and walls, inside and outside. In wet areas it is mixed with a latex instead of water. 6 steps Section of a rooftop concrete water tank full of water, lined on all inside faces, with sealed pipe entries Overhead water tank (drinking water) Rooftop RCC tanks that leak, wet the ceiling below or show rust stains. Repair the concrete first, then line the inside only with products whose data sheet allows drinking-water contact. 6 steps Brick wall section with a waterproof coating on the outside face and sealed window frame joints against driving rain. Damp external walls (rain penetration) Rain soaking through brick walls, cracked plaster or open joints around windows causes seelan and peeling paint inside. This guide covers walls above ground. For damp rising from the floor, see the rising-damp guide. 6 steps Two concrete slabs on columns with a gap between them sealed with orange sealant over a round foam rod Building expansion and movement joints The gaps between building blocks, slabs, walls and roofs that let the structure expand, shrink and settle. They need a sealant or tape matched to the movement, a correctly sized joint and a backer rod, or water gets in and edges break. 7 steps