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Sewage treatment plant

Sewage plants hold water that attacks concrete and corrodes steel. Watertight concrete, chemical-resistant linings and sound joints keep the structure in service.

Sewage plant aeration tank cut in section with bubbles, its inner walls lined in orange, beside a round clarifier

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What this project needs, step by step

Basement wall and base slab of waterproofed concrete holding back ground water, with a waterstop in the wall-slab joint Waterproof (watertight) concrete For basements, water tanks, pools and sewage works, make the concrete itself resist water with a low water–cement ratio, an integral waterproofing admixture and sealed construction joints. This is for new pours; it cannot fix a structure that already leaks. 7 steps Pipe passing through a concrete floor slab with an orange sealing collar round it and orange sealant at the top Pipe and service penetrations Pipes, ducts and cables passing through basement walls, tank walls, roofs and fire-rated floors are weak points for water and fire. Seal each one for its job: watertight, weathertight, fire-rated, or a simple interior gap. 6 steps Two concrete slabs on columns with a gap between them sealed with orange sealant over a round foam rod Building expansion and movement joints The gaps between building blocks, slabs, walls and roofs that let the structure expand, shrink and settle. They need a sealant or tape matched to the movement, a correctly sized joint and a backer rod, or water gets in and edges break. 7 steps Section of an underground sewage manhole with pipes, step irons and a protective lining on the inside faces Sewage tanks, manholes & septic tanks Sewage and wastewater structures leak out, let groundwater in and are eaten away by aggressive effluent. Plug and rebuild the concrete, waterproof it, and add a chemical-resistant lining where the effluent is aggressive. 7 steps Concrete sump in the ground with a continuous protective lining inside, holding liquid fed by a dripping pipe. Chemical-resistant protection (tanks, bunds, sewage) Linings and coatings that protect concrete and steel from acids, sewage gases, fuels and industrial chemicals in treatment plants, chemical tanks, bunds and manholes. The coating is chosen for the actual chemicals, concentrations and temperatures, on a strong, prepared substrate. 7 steps Wall section with water-bearing soil outside; angled drilled packers inject resin into the crack from the dry inside face. Leaking cracks & active water seepage Cracks and holes that let water through basement walls, tanks, roof slabs or retaining walls. First stop running water, then seal the crack with elastic injection, then waterproof the surface; rigid epoxy is not used while a crack is wet. 7 steps Concrete beam with a square cut-out repair: cleaned steel bars coated, and repair mortar being trowelled in flush. Spalling concrete (chhajja, balcony, beam, column) Concrete that cracks, bulges and falls away, usually with rusty steel behind it, on chhajjas, balcony slabs, beams, columns and tank slabs. This guide follows the EN 1504 sequence: remove, protect the steel, rebuild, seal and protect. 7 steps Concrete section with steel bars: one zone rebuilt with repair mortar, the rest treated with inhibitor and a rolled-on coat. Rusting reinforcement (rebar corrosion) Steel bars inside concrete rust when carbonation or chlorides reach them; the rust swells and cracks the cover. This guide covers finding corrosion early, treating exposed steel, and slowing corrosion in concrete that has not spalled yet. 7 steps Lift pit section below the floor, lined inside with a waterproof coat, with guide rails and a buffer spring. Lift pits and drainage sumps Lift pits and drainage or sewage sumps are the lowest points in a building, so groundwater collects there. Build them watertight, seal the kicker joint, and line them with a slurry rated for water pressure. 6 steps