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Step-by-step solution

Large-format porcelain tiles and slabs

Porcelain tiles of 60 × 60 cm and larger, on floors and walls. They need a flat base, a C2TE flexible adhesive and full bedding by back-buttering, or they ring hollow and crack.

  • 7 steps
  • 6 products
  • 4 answers
Large thin porcelain slabs on a full orange adhesive bed, and the next slab with buttered back lowered onto ridged adhesive

Get this solution priced Proposal brief ↓

You need this when…

  • Large tiles sound hollow at the corners
  • Edges of neighbouring tiles not level (lippage)
  • Cracks running across big tiles
  • Tiles debonding on heated or sunny floors

The work, step by step

General guidance based on the manufacturer data sheets. Site conditions differ: confirm the system with MCT before you start. Where we do not name a product, ask us and we will confirm the right one.

  1. Step 1: Make the base flat and strong

    Remove weak concrete and laitance. Cement bases must be at least 28 days old (SikaCeram-205 PK p.2). Deviation must be less than 5 mm under a 2 m straightedge. If not, level first with a mortar made with Sika Latex, MonoTop or SikaRep (SikaCeram-205 PK p.3).

  2. Step 2: Choose a C2TE adhesive

    SikaCeram-205 PK is classified C2TE with extended open time and is listed for all ceramic tiles including large-size porcelain (SikaCeram-205 PK p.1). SikaCeram-103 PK is class C1 TE (SikaCeram-103 PK p.1), so it is not offered for large-format tiles here.

  3. Step 3: Mix the adhesive properly

    Add 6.75–7.25 L of water per 25 kg bag (SikaCeram-205 PK p.2). Mix with a drill and paddle below 500 rpm, let it stand at least 5 minutes, then re-mix for 15 seconds. A free-fall concrete mixer is not suitable (SikaCeram-205 PK p.3). Pot life is about 4 hours and open time 25 minutes at +20 °C (SikaCeram-205 PK p.2).

  4. Step 4: Back-butter and bed every tile

    Back-buttering must be used for tiles larger than 300 × 300 mm (SikaCeram-205 PK p.3). Use a 10 mm notched trowel for large tiles and double spreading (SikaCeram-205 PK p.2). Press each tile firmly into the fresh adhesive (SikaCeram-205 PK p.3).

    SikaCeram-205 PK is used again here; data and quotation in step 2. Go to step 2

  5. Step 5: Large tiles on walls

    SikaCeram-205 PK is listed for indoor walls, and for outdoor floors only (SikaCeram-205 PK p.1). For large tiles on external walls, ask us. SikaCeram RSG 705 is an epoxy adhesive for vertical and horizontal use, indoors and outdoors (SikaCeram RSG 705 p.1).

    Product for this stepAsk us

    The right product here depends on your site. We confirm it before naming it.

  6. Step 6: Grout the narrow joints

    Epoxy grout SikaCeram-850 Design takes joints of 2–15 mm and gives coverage for 60 × 60 and 80 × 80 cm tiles (SikaCeram-850 Design p.1, p.2). SikaCeram-855 gives a sanded, matt finish in 1–5 mm joints, indoor wet areas only (SikaCeram-855 p.1, p.2). Cement grout SikaCeram-600 Tile Grout PK lists consumption for 600 × 600 mm tiles (SikaCeram-600 Tile Grout PK p.2).

    SikaCeram-855 Sika Request a quotation

    Suitable for grouting applications on most types of ceramic, porcelain and non-absorbent tiles for indoor wet areas. (TDS p.1)

    Temperature stated in TDS
    +5 °C min. / +35 °C max (TDS p.2)
    Pack
    350ML
    SikaCeram-600 Tile Grout PK Sika Request a quotation

    For filling the spaces of homogeneous tile, ceramic tile, marble, granite, mosaic, and natural stone, over a range of applications as below: Floor and wall, Interior and exterior, Dry and wet area, For dry area, mix SikaCeram®-600 Tile Grout PK with water, Do not mix the fresh material to previou… (TDS p.1,2)

    Temperature stated in TDS
    15 °C to 40 °C (TDS p.2)
    Pack
    1 kg Pouch
  7. Step 7: Movement joints and protection

    Keep traffic off for at least 24 hours (SikaCeram-205 PK p.3). Seal perimeter and field movement joints with a floor sealant, 10–40 mm wide at a 1:0.8 width-to-depth ratio, over a closed-cell polyethylene backer rod (Sikaflex PRO-3 p.2, p.3).

Proposal brief

Large-format porcelain tiles and slabs: scope and system

A starting point for a site proposal. Quantities, prices and the final specification follow a site visit or photos.

Scope of work

  1. Flatness survey and levelling of x m² of base
  2. Fixing of large-format porcelain with a C2TE adhesive and back-buttering
  3. Epoxy or cement grouting
  4. Sealing of perimeter and movement joints

System build-up

StepProductPackSource
1. Make the base flat and strongSikaLatex PK05 ltr jerry can 20 ltr plastic can 200 ltr drum 1000 ltr IBC Bulk supply in tanker is…TDS p.1 · June 2025, Version 02.01
2. Choose a C2TE adhesiveSikaCeram-205 PK—TDS p.1 · October 2023, Version 01.02
4. Back-butter and bed every tileSikaCeram-205 PK—TDS p.1 · October 2023, Version 01.02
6. Grout the narrow jointsSikaCeram-850 Design400 ml double side-by-side cartridgeTDS p.1 · April 2025, Version 01.01
6. Grout the narrow jointsSikaCeram-855350MLTDS p.1 · September 2025, Version 03.01
6. Grout the narrow jointsSikaCeram-600 Tile Grout PK1 kg PouchTDS p.1,2 · June 2024, Version 01.01
7. Movement joints and protectionSikaflex PRO-3600 ml cylindrical foil packTDS p.1 · May 2021, Version 03.01

What we need from you

  • Tile size and thickness (for example 60 × 120 cm, 9 mm)
  • Floor or wall, indoor or outdoor
  • Area (m² / sq ft) and photos of the base
  • Preferred grout type and colour

Site conditions

  • Base at least 28 days old (SikaCeram-205 PK p.2)
  • Base flat within 5 mm under a 2 m straightedge (SikaCeram-205 PK p.3)
  • Mechanical mixing on site, below 500 rpm (SikaCeram-205 PK p.3)

Not included

  • Screed laying or major levelling is quoted separately
  • Tile cutting machinery for slabs is quoted separately, if needed
  • Supply of client-selected tiles

Questions customers ask

Why back-butter every tile?

The data sheet requires back-buttering for tiles larger than 300 × 300 mm and for heavy loads (SikaCeram-205 PK p.3). It fills the back of the tile so it does not ring hollow.

Can SikaCeram-90 PK be used for large porcelain?

Its data sheet lists wall and floor tiles, marble, terrazzo and mosaics, but does not name porcelain or large formats (SikaCeram-90 PK p.1). Ask us: it depends on site conditions. SikaCeram-205 PK names large porcelain (SikaCeram-205 PK p.1).

How much adhesive do large tiles use?

About 4–7 kg of powder per m² with a 10 mm trowel and double spreading (SikaCeram-205 PK p.2).

Can we fix large porcelain on the outside wall?

SikaCeram-205 PK is listed for outdoor floors, not outdoor walls (SikaCeram-205 PK p.1). Ask us: it depends on site conditions. SikaCeram RSG 705 is listed for exterior vertical use (SikaCeram RSG 705 p.1).

Steps and product facts are taken from the manufacturer data sheets (page cited). Products are named only where the data sheet confirms the use; quantities follow a site visit or photos. General guidance: check the data sheet or ask us before you start.